Fig. 3

a The cut surface of the resected liver, illustrating a solitary, round and cystic-solid mass which included multiple cystic cavities, bone-like tissues, tender brain-like tissues, and lots of fat. Ectodermal derivatives including squamous epithelium, sebaceous glands, eccrine glands and hair follicle (b, H&E, × 40), and mature brain tissues such as glia and choroid could be seen (c-d, H&E, × 100). Some areas of dense glial cells (e, H&E, × 40) showed positive for GFAP(f) but negative for SALL-4(g), while Ki-67(h) index was low (f–h, IHC, × 40). i-l Intestinal epithelia (i), respiratory ciliated epithelium (j), mature cartilage (k), and adipose tissue (l) could also be observed (i, H&E, × 40; j-l, H&E, × 100)